Digging Deeper at Penn​
​Explore The Middle East Gallery
  • Focus Objects
    • Obsidian, Steatite, Diorite, & Alabaster
    • Precious & Semi-Precious Stones
    • Gold, Silver, & Lead
    • Copper Continuum
    • Ancient Textiles
    • Early Modern Textiles
    • Silk
    • China Trade
  • Manufacture
    • Obsidian, Steatite, Diorite, & Alabaster
    • Precious Stones & Semi-Precious Stones
    • Gold, Silver, & Lead
    • Copper Continuum
    • Ancient Textiles
    • Textiles
    • Silk
    • China Trade
  • Cultural Context
    • Gawra
    • Ur
    • Hissar
    • Khafajeh
    • Hasanlu
    • Rayy
    • Safavid Empire
    • Ethnographic Materials
  • Themes of Trade
    • Why People Traded >
      • Why People Traded Common Stones
      • Why People Traded Precious Stones
      • Why People Traded Gold & Silver
      • Why People Traded Copper
      • Why People Traded Ancient Textiles
      • Why People Traded Early Modern Textiles
      • Why People Traded Silk
      • Why People Traded with China
    • How People Traded >
      • How People Traded Obsidian, Steatite, & Diorite
      • How People Traded Precious Stones
      • How People Traded Gold & Silver
      • How People Traded Copper
      • How People Traded Textiles in Antiquity
      • How People Traded Silk
      • How People Traded Textiles in Historic Periods
      • How People Traded with China
    • Mechanics of Trade >
      • Neolithic & Chalcolithic
      • Royal Cemetery of Ur
      • Old Babylonian
      • Neo-Assyrian
      • Medieval Rayy
      • Safavid
      • 19th Century Ethnographic
  • How Do We Know
  • Glossary
  • About
Created by Penn Art History 501

Focus Objects

Materials & Methods

Historical/Cultural Context

Why People Trade

How People Traded

Mechanics of Trade

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Header Image by Peter Miller is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0
  • Focus Objects
    • Obsidian, Steatite, Diorite, & Alabaster
    • Precious & Semi-Precious Stones
    • Gold, Silver, & Lead
    • Copper Continuum
    • Ancient Textiles
    • Early Modern Textiles
    • Silk
    • China Trade
  • Manufacture
    • Obsidian, Steatite, Diorite, & Alabaster
    • Precious Stones & Semi-Precious Stones
    • Gold, Silver, & Lead
    • Copper Continuum
    • Ancient Textiles
    • Textiles
    • Silk
    • China Trade
  • Cultural Context
    • Gawra
    • Ur
    • Hissar
    • Khafajeh
    • Hasanlu
    • Rayy
    • Safavid Empire
    • Ethnographic Materials
  • Themes of Trade
    • Why People Traded >
      • Why People Traded Common Stones
      • Why People Traded Precious Stones
      • Why People Traded Gold & Silver
      • Why People Traded Copper
      • Why People Traded Ancient Textiles
      • Why People Traded Early Modern Textiles
      • Why People Traded Silk
      • Why People Traded with China
    • How People Traded >
      • How People Traded Obsidian, Steatite, & Diorite
      • How People Traded Precious Stones
      • How People Traded Gold & Silver
      • How People Traded Copper
      • How People Traded Textiles in Antiquity
      • How People Traded Silk
      • How People Traded Textiles in Historic Periods
      • How People Traded with China
    • Mechanics of Trade >
      • Neolithic & Chalcolithic
      • Royal Cemetery of Ur
      • Old Babylonian
      • Neo-Assyrian
      • Medieval Rayy
      • Safavid
      • 19th Century Ethnographic
  • How Do We Know
  • Glossary
  • About